Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

​Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that is related to changes in seasons. SAD begins and ends at about the same times every year and, if you're like most people with SAD, your symptoms start in the fall and continue into the winter months, sapping your energy and making you feel moody.

Warning Signs that SAD is Approaching:

• Feeling depressed most of the day, nearly every day
• Hopelessness or worthlessness
• Low energy
• Losing interest in activities that were once enjoyed
• Difficulty sleeping
• Changes in appetite or weight
• Feeling sluggish or agitated
• Difficulty concentrating
• Irritability
• Difficulty getting along with others
• Frequent thoughts of death or suicide

Preventing Symptoms of SAD:

​There is no single known way to prevent the development of seasonal affective disorder; however, there are ways in which you can prevent symptoms from worsening. If you can get control of your symptoms before they get worse, you may be able to ward off serious changes in mood, appetite, and energy levels.

• Work on identifying and changing negative thoughts. Cognitive behavioural therapy can assist with tracking and changing negative thought patterns that may be worsening symptoms.
• Make your environment sunnier and brighter. Try opening blinds, trimming tree branches that block sunlight, sitting closer to bright windows, sitting in a vehicle in the sun, taking a long walk, or eating lunch at a nearby park. Even on cold or cloudy days, outdoor light can help.
• Light therapy. Phototherapy involves exposing oneself to ultraviolet light from a light box or lamp. These devices produce similar effects to natural light, triggering chemicals in your brain that help regulate your mood. 
• Exercise regularly. Exercise and other types of physical activity help relieve stress and anxiety, both of which can increase symptoms of SAD. Being physically fit can make you feel better about yourself, too, which can enhance your mood.
• Practice mind-body therapies. Mind-body therapies have proven to help relieve symptoms of depression. Try engaging in acupuncture, yoga, meditation, guided imagery, or massage therapy.
• Stick to your treatment plan. Take medications as directed and attend regularly scheduled therapy appointments.
• Take care of yourself. Get enough rest and take time to relax. Participate in an exercise program or engage in another form of regular physical activity. Make healthy choices for meals and snacks. Avoid turning to alcohol or other substances for relief.
• Practice stress management. Learn techniques to manage your stress better. Unmanaged stress can lead to depression, overeating, or other unhealthy thoughts and behaviours.
• Socialize. When you're feeling down, it can be hard to be social. Make an effort to connect with people you enjoy being around and who provide you with support.
• Take a trip. If possible, take winter vacations in sunnier and warmer locations to give yourself a break from the colder temperatures when safe to do so.
• Psychotherapy. Talk therapy can be an invaluable option for those with SAD. A psychotherapist can help you identify patterns in negative thinking and behaviour that impact depression, learn positive ways of coping with symptoms, and institute relaxation techniques that can help you restore lost energy.

It is important to note that it is normal to have some days when you feel down. But if you feel down for days at a time and you can't get motivated to do activities you normally enjoy, it may prove beneficial to reach out for assistance. This is especially important if your sleep patterns and appetite have changed or if you feel hopeless, think about suicide, or turn to alcohol or other substances for comfort or relaxation. Don't brush off that yearly feeling as simply a case of the "winter blues" that you have to tough out on your own. Asking for help is a sign of strength and movement towards a better version of yourself. Consider how you can start managing seasonal affective disorder today and live a happier life in every season.